The primary ingredients in Cardio B represent the most logical and often used combinations of therapeutic agents for the lowering of homocysteine. Where Cardio B stands apart, however, is in the thoroughness of the formula, creating a synergy that we believe exceeds virtually any other formulation available.

Vitamin B12
A required co-factor in the conversion of homocysteine to methionine via the folate pathway, vitamin B12 deficiency is common among vegans and the elderly.

Vitamin B6
Vitamin B6 is known to be deficient in the typical American diet, particularly the elderly. Even low doses have been shown to lower homocysteine levels in elderly patients— even among those previously supplemented with folic acid.

Betaine (TMG)
Betaine (trimethyl glycine, or TMG) acts as a methyl donor to homocysteine- converting it to methionine. This conversion pathway occurs in the liver and kidney and may contribute to homocysteine reduction in some individuals with very high methionine, or after ingestion of high levels of methionine.

Folic Acid
For many seeking high doses of Folic Acid, a Folic Acid supplement containing 5 mg has been previously available only through prescription, even though Folic Acid has never been a “pharmacy-only” ingredient. A required component for the conversion of homocysteine to methionine, Folic Acid supplementation reduces homocysteine levels as demonstrated in many clinical studies. Regardless of initial homocysteine levels, increased folic acid supplementation (up to 800 mcg) has been shown in research to enhance an increased homocysteine lowering effect. Those with higher initial homocysteine levels had greater lowering effects with Folic Acid. Low levels of daily Folic Acid intake have been associated with high serum homocysteine levels, especially in the elderly. Current research is showing that aggressive homocysteine management is more beneficial than previously thought.